Irrigation

Narrative Description of the Project:

The Bagmati Irrigation Project is located in the central region of Nepal, and Diverts water from the Bagmati River through diversion Barrage structure located at Karmaiya, Sarlahi district. The project was initially conceptualized as a multipurpose project covering a total irrigable area of 122,000 ha with generation of electric power of 140 MW capacities. The project is implemented in a stage wise development approach in phases.

The Phase I development was initiated by government’s own funding resources in 1979, which included the construction of a barrage structure Across Bagmati River at the foothill of the Churia range and eastern and western main canals. The Phase I program was planned in two stages of development packages. The Stage-I of the Phase-1 envisaged to develop irrigation facilities down to tertiary units in 45,600 ha command of Sarlahi (22600 ha) and Rauthat (23,000 ha) districts. The Stage-II of Phase I envisaged to develop 22,400 ha of Bara district. At present Stage-I development works are in progress under SFD funding assistances mainly.

Description of Actual Services Provided by your Staff:

Primary objectives of the consulting services could be categorized in two kinds of services firstly as assistance mode, and secondly as task mode. The consultants are assisting the client in the project management for regular reporting, contract management, and fiduciary aspects as advisor delivering its expertise services. In the task mode the consultant will support the client for the activities related to; (i) detail survey, planning, and design of 6300 ha CAD works, (ii) detail survey and design of silt ejector, and (iii) parcellary map preparation of 24600 ha irrigated areas, and (iv) construction supervision and quality control works.

The consulting team is carrying out the services in the following activities in close consultation and co-ordination with the client Bagmati Irrigation Project.

1. Construction supervision and Quality Control works in the ongoing contract packages.
2. Detail survey, planning, design of the 6300 ha CAD works of the remaining portion of EMC Command. Review of the design of the completed CAD works of 10300 ha command.
3. Detail planning design and cost estimation of silt ejector in the two main canals.
4. Preparation of Parcellary maps for 24600 ha irrigated command.
5. Preparation of Annual and Project Completion Report of BIP.

Assisting the project management in project related activities whenever requested.

The main objective of the study was to prepare a feasibility report on command area development, suitable for the external financing, covering the gross area of 48,700 ha (Stage-I). The project, financed by Asian Development Bank, was undertaken in association with Nippon Koei and Sir Williams Halcrow & Partners. In addition MULTI provided consulting services for detailed topographical survey of 600 ha sample area and Project Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation study.

Feasibility Study: The study included water balance and optimum utilization, planning, preliminary design and costing of irrigation system (38,000 ha), drainage, river control and road network, formation operation and regulation procedures, and extension services, water user group formulation, financial and economic analysis. Preliminary design of irrigation system included rehabilitation of existing main and branch canals, new sedimentation basin, new distributory and secondary canals, tertiary canals in the sample areas, rehabilitation of existing structures of main and branch canals.

Project Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation study: The study consisted of collection and processing of information on agriculture, socio-economy and O&M of community managed irrigation schemes of the Bagmati Command Area Development Project. The work involved:

• Comprehensive household survey of 1400 randomly selected households.
• Interview with water users' groups. Agriculture and socio-economic studies, cost and returns for major crops and energy use pattern study.
• Data processing with use of computer programs

Detailed Topographical Survey: It included detailed topographical surveys to produce a contour map at 1:2500 scale with 0.25 m contour with field boundaries for detailed sample layout including field channel. The vertical control was based on Bagmati Irrigation Project bench mark and horizontal control on aerial photographs (1:10,000) and topographical map 1:5000 scale.

Narrative Description of the Project:

The Kankai Irrigation System was constructed under the loan assistances from Asian Development Bank (AsDB) in two phases. The construction works commenced in 1971 and the first phase was completed in 1981 developing the irrigation networks in about 5000 ha. The second phase was commenced in 1980 and completed in 1991 with the extension of the infrastructures in about 2000 ha area out of targeted 3000 ha. The remaining areas are developed partially as was observed from the secondary canals S-17 to S-21 having earthen works only. The tertiary canal net works are not built in this undeveloped area. The Sizes of the tertiary canal and the secondary canals have varying service areas from 5 ha to more than 700 ha. Direct outlets from the main canal are provided numbering 31 nos. with also varying sizes. Uniform tertiary unit design as adopted in SMIP, Narayani, and Mahakali Irrigation Systems are not adopted here. Water management in such scenario will be difficult for rotation and equitable distribution. At present the WUAs and the office field staff decide with mutual understanding regarding the rotational delivery of the water sources during the scarcity. As reported from the field the irrigation water is delivered during spring season with one-year rotation between the phase-I and the extension portion. Similarly during winter season rotational practices are scheduled in days among these two main canal sections and also among the secondary canals. It was surprising to note that they get water according to the rotational period; however the farmers felt that it is inadequate for the crop water requirement. Nine Secondary canals are handed over by the office to the WUAs, which are maintained and operated by the farmers to some extent. Other wise the whole maintenance of the system was dependent entirely on the government budget for maintenance.

Description of Consulting Services:

The major scopes of works of the services are enlisted herewith:

1. Preparation of the detail status of the assets its physical conditions, operational status and needs to rehabilitate for its functionality;
2. Defining the valuation of the assets and the liabilities mainly differed maintenance and replacement requirements;
3. Analysis on the Irrigation service fee collections and other funding resources available for the operation and maintenance of the system;
4. Review and update the operation and maintenance, differed maintenance yardsticks to align them with actual requirements. Analysis on the realization of the cost recovery of the system; and

Financial Plan for the future operation and maintenance of the system by the WUA's

Narrative Description of the Project:

Nepal Irrigation Sector Project has been sponsored under credit assistance from the International Development Association (IDA) for the development of the water resources strategy formulation study and irrigation sector improvement and development.
The overall objectives of the consulting services are to ensure quality assurance and control at all stages of NISP implementation. These were achieved by monitoring the planning, design and construction activities of sub-projects (covering 39,500 ha), providing to undertake specialist studies and the strengthening of the post-constructional activities of the Department of Irrigation for achieving sustainable agricultural development.

Description of Consulting Services:

In particular the consulting services are provided technical assistance to the Department of Irrigation for:

• Improving of sub-projects selection, preparation, design, construction supervision and monitoring and evaluation in accordance with the NISP procedural guideline documents,
• Integration of agriculture activities into the development process of the irrigation sector program,
• Implementing programs for the sustainable development of Water User Association through recruitment of suitable NGOs and assisting in the private sector strengthening,
• Strengthening the institutional capacity of NISP implementing units to pursue adoption of the formulated sub-projects cycle producers for NISP implementation on a sustainable basis, through conducting of training to all concerned staff, NGOs, WUAs and other stake holders,
• Supporting and monitoring the development of on-farm water management improvement programs on completed sub-projects, and
• Monitoring specialist studies into irrigation subsidies and cost structures for improved O&M of irrigation systems.

Narrative Description of the Project:

Praganna Irrigation Project is situated on the Right Bank of the River Rapti in the Deukhuri Valley of the Dang district. The project aims to irrigate a gross area of 6684 ha with a total population of about 31700. There are twenty two individual farmers managed irrigation systems (FMISs) having a total canal length of about 150 km. with different discharge capacities, command area and length with Rapti, Dolai and Kaudiya rivers as their sources of water. Among these systems, Praganna Kulo was constructed about 73 years ago having direct intake from Rapti river. Uncontrolled entry of river water and relatively steep slope of the canal has converted Praganna Kulo into a small river called Sano Nadi with considerable length of meandering loops. The project aims to rehabilitate these FMISs by integrating them to three systems (one for Barahakhutti Kalapani Praganna and Bhanpur Majhmeria systems) with controlled intakes.

Description of Actual Services Provided by Your Staff:

The consulting services included:

• Detailed Engineering works including detail topographical and other related surveys, detail design, detail drawings, cost estimate institutional development and bidding documents.
• Advisory services for the implementation unit during the construction period.
• Preparation of Operation and Maintenance Manual.
• Farmer's Training for the Operation and Maintenance of the system.
• Design and Construction supervision of River Training Works of ten kilometer length.
• Detailed design, construction supervision and upgrading of infrastructure works (bridges, access road, drainage system, structural design)
• IEE Study

Social/Institutional Development Work

In Phase I, conducted awareness campaign to impart feeling of ownership of the system, Formed draft constitution committee, finalized constitution through workshop of stakeholders and legalized WUAs as an institution. Within constitution, five sub committees (for functions of farmers groups) were provisioned to take over the WUA's activities. Agronomist surveyed the project areas and proposed cropping patterns, while soil scientist had details soil survey. The team supported the project to identify the agricultural extension activities to be performed by District Agricultural Development Office. During Phase II, the consultancy services were assigned to prepare manuals, training materials and implement training and conduct agricultural production activities

• To carry out the topographical survey of the project area including intake, pipe alignment and outlet;
• To prepare the irrigation system layout map of the project.
• To carry out the preliminary design and estimates of the project components
• To carry detailed design of the various components to the level of construction drawings; and
• To assist the Client for construction and implementation of the project.

Detailed Description of actual Services Provided by MULTI:

The personnel deputed by MULTI, performed following services.

• Topographical survey and mapping;
• Hydrological and Geological investigation;
• Finalization of pipe line alignment;
• Preparation of layout of project components;
• Detailed design and construction drawings of different components;
• Construction planning; and
• Construction supervision and reporting

Detailed Narrative Description of Project & Services Provided:

Rani Jamura and Kulariya Irrigation Project is an amalgam of three independent Farmers' Managed Irrigation Systems viz. Rani, Jamara and Kulariya located in Kailali District of Far Western Development Region of Nepal. These systems were constructed by indigenous Tharu community around 1978 Bikram era. The project area is situated between latitude of 28° 42' to 28° 25' North and longitude of 81° 15' to 81° 03' East. The total gross command area of these systems is about 17000 hectares and proposed to be extended for additional 7000 hectares (Feasibility Report, 1995) lying north west of the existing command area. The command area of these systems is situated in Baliya, Pathariya, Janakinagar, Durguali, Manuwa, Tikapur, Narayanpur, Dhansingpur, and Pratapur VIllage Development Committees of Kailali District.
The source of water for the proposed project is Karnali River with adequate discharge round the year by uniting all three irrigation systems. The feasibility study report has suggested constructing a unified intake with 9.5 Km main canal and 11.5 Km feeder canal to provide reliable, adequate and equitable irrigation services. The infrastructure proposed included the improvement of existing canal systems with canal related structures, river training works and village link roads. The major components of the study carried out are:

• Preparation of Unit rate for Infrastructure and software component as per the current district rate for material and labor;
• Updating of estimation of quantity for proposed Rani Jamara & Kulariya Irrigation System as per the past study,
• Preparation of total cost covering infrastructure and software components
• Financial and Economic viability of the project based on current cost.

Detailed Description of Actual Services Provided by MULTI:

The study included the following works:

• Reviewed the feasibility study report prepared in 1995
• Prepared the rate analysis according to the current district rates and norms approved by
• His Majesty’s Government of Nepal
• Prepared the cost estimate of the civil works and other development works including institutional development and agricultural support services
• Assessed the possible benefit due to the implementation of project period
• Prepared economic and financial analysis of the project and assess the economic and financial viability.
• Preparation of Reports.

Detailed Narrative Description of Project & Services Provided:

Proposed Lower Khageri Irrigation Project is located in Bachauli, Jagatpur, Gunjnagar, Sukranagar, Dibyanagar, and Meghauli Village Development Committees (VDC) of Chitwan District. The area is located in Western part of Chitwan valley of Chiwtwan District in Central Development Region. Ecologically, the area is located in Inner Terai region at an elevation of 148 m above mean sea level (amsl) to 162 meter amsl. Geographically, the project area is located between 270 34' 270 35'N latitude and 840 10’ 840, 21' 22" E longitude.

The gross command area, which is envisaged, to be brought under irrigation facility through the proposed development is about 3400 hectare as per the current field survey. The net command area estimated is about 2700 hectares.

The main objective of the study is to prepare Pre-feasibility level study to assess whether the proposed project can be further investigated at Feasibility Level study or not. The study was covered the viability in terms of technical, social, environmental and financial aspects.
Detailed Description of Actual Services Provided by MULTI:

The study included the following works:

• Conducted reconnaissance of project area including proposed diversion site,
• Identified the diversion site and type of diversion,
• Prepared hydrological investigation and availability of water resources for irrigation development considering the current water usage,
• Identified the suitable canal route and prepare canal alignment with the help of existing topographic map and field verification,
• Prepared tentative infrastructure planning and preliminary design, and
• Prepared the tentative cost estimate of the project.

Detailed Narrative Description of Project:

1. contract agreement was signed between the Department of Irrigation, Planning, Design, Monitoring and Evaluation Division (hereinafter referred to as the "Client") and MULTI Disciplinary Consultants (P) Ltd (hereinafter referred to as "MULTI" or the "Consultant") on May 8, 2001 for consulting services in relation to Preliminary Study of Koshi West Irrigation Project covering 55,000 ha area.
2. The proposed Koshi West Canal (KWC) will cover Siraha, Saptari and Udaypur districts of Nepal. Historically Saptari and Siraha have been considered the top food producing districts of Nepal. The historical evidences suggest that during the unification of Nepal by Late His Majesty Prithvi Nararayan Shah, East India Company even offered Rs.2 lakh per annum to establish control over the area, which the Nepalese rulers refused to accept mainly because of its agricultural importance.

Description of Consulting Services:

Scope of consulting activities are outlined as below:

• Preparation of a digitized topographical base map of the Project Area using the existing topographical maps (scale 1:25,000) in the GIS format.
• Identification of alternative main canal alignments covering the entire project area from the envisaged headwork site to its outfall in the Kamala river using the contour map.
• Inventory of existing irrigation facilities including FMIS and groundwater tube-wells, in the area to be covered by the proposed alternative main canal alignments.
• Collection of secondary information and data i.e. demographic and socio-economic features, existing agricultural practices and future trends, cropping pattern, crop coverage, yield and intensity, access to inputs, marketing and credit facilities.
• Preparation of GIS data base in ARC/INFO software incorporating inventory of existing irrigation facilities and collected secondary information as related attribute data.
• Assessment of water availability including groundwater, its seasonal variation and irrigation water demand with due consideration to existing as well as potential cultivated land and cropping pattern.
• Identification of alternative branch canal alignment with due consideration to integrate and feed the existing irrigation projects within the project area. The long profiles of the main and branch canals shall be produced in the scales of 1:25,000 (horizontal) and 1:100 (vertical).
• Preparation of alternative irrigation and drainage development plans in the form of system layout indicating all necessary physical components e.g. transportation, power, related structures etc. of the alternatives.
• Estimation of costs of the project,
• Economic evaluation of the alternative plans in terms of anticipated benefits and cost of project development including operation and maintenance.

Prioritization and recommendations of the alternative plans.

MULTI provided manpower and is associated with Nippon Koei Ltd in undertaking supervision of construction activities and command area development works including formation of water user's association and assessment of water charges. In order to assist the project management in these activities the consultant carried out the superimposition of 1:5000 scale project map on 1:2400 scale cadastral maps for Jhumka Area (1000 ha). The work consisted of

• procurement of cadastral Maps and Collection of land-holding data from the Maintenance Survey office.
• Plain table survey to demarcate command area of each water course along with alignment of WC and location of field outlets (FO's) on 1:2400 base map.
• Prepared updated list of farmers and their holding as verified during the field survey.
• Production of updated irrigation boundary maps (scale 1:2400).

The Project consisted of rehabilitation of irrigation system (22,000 ha) divided into three block under IDB financing. MULTI provided consulting services for the surveying and detailed design of the irrigation system, under the supervision of Project Consultant Nippon Koei- Hyundai (Joint Venture). The work included:

• Establishment of ground control points in the command area. Traverse surveying, longitudinal and cross-sectional surveying of new and existing canals and drains.
• Preparation of detailed design, bill of quantities and contract drawings for irrigation and drainage works.
• Assistance in preparation of design manual and criteria on irrigation and drainage facilities.

The Project consisted of rehabilitation of irrigation system (24,000 ha) served by the Chatara Canal under IDA financing. This project had the credit of involving local Consultants for the detailed design work with three month orientation training to the design engineers of local consultants and close supervision by the Project Consultant Sir M Mcdonald and Partners, UK. Design were based on Design manual and standard structures provided by the Project. MULTI provided consulting services for the detailed design for the command area development of 2,000 ha upto the 10 ha field outlet level and rehabilitation work of Hulaiya minor. The work included:

• Field verification of topographical map. Layout of new canals and drains and certification at site.
• Benchmark and strip survey along the new alignment of canals and drains. Detailed design of canals, drains and rehabilitation of the existing Hulaiya Minor. Total Canal length is 118 km.
• Preparation of bill of quantities and construction drawings

Under the technical supervision of Sir Macdonalds and Partners, U.K. MULTI provided Consulting services for the Bench Mark Survey of area served by Chatra Canal. The work included;

• Coordination, Organization and management of survey teams.
• Field Survey works as reconnaissance, data collection and field verification.
• Establishment of survey control monument.
• Bench Mark Survey for vertical control.

MULTI prepared the land Acquisition Map under the supervision of project Consultant Sir William Halcrow and Partners. The work included;

• Photo enlargement of base maps at the scale of 1:5000 to the scale of 1:2500.
• Plotting of main canal alignment, channels, roads, limits of the acquisition and way leave on the base maps.
• Preparation of land acquisition and way leave schedules.

The project consisted of rehabilitation and extension of existing irrigation system to irrigate net command area of 4600 ha under IDA financing. MULTI provided consulting services for the detailed design for the command area development of Block-IV, detailed design for the rehabilitation main canal and land acquisition map preparation under the supervision of Project Consultant Sir William Halcrow and Partners. The consulting services included:

Design of Block-IV : Detailed design for the command area development of 940 ha irrigation block (Block - IV) to 7 ha field outlet level and the work consisted of:

• Field verification of the photogrammetric topographical maps and layout of the new canal and drain network.
• Benchmark and cross-section survey of the existing and new canals and drains.

Triangulation and traverse survey of new benchmarks and intersection points.

• Detailed design of 43 km channels, 382 numbers of canal structures and 12.8 km of canal road. Detailed rehabilitation works for 14 km channels and 15 numbers of canal structures. Design was carried out according to design manual, design guidance note provided by the Project. Standard Structures were adopted for most of the new structures.
• Preparation of the bills of quantities for the new and rehabilitation works. Detailed
• Design of Main Canal: Detailed design for the rehabilitation of existing 14 km main canal, 23 numbers of new structures, rehabilitation of 37 numbers of canal structures, design of 14.5 km of canal road and 2.3 km river training works.
• Co-ordinate survey of newly established benchmarks and cross section survey of the existing main canal.
• Detailed hydraulic and structural design for the rehabilitation of the main canal and the canal structures taking into consideration of later extension of main canal to discharge capacity of 28.3 cumec.
• Hydrological calculation for the cross drainage works and detailed design of river training works at as Routella river.
• Preparation of the bills of quantities for the new and rehabilitation works.

Land Acquisition Map Preparation : Land acquisition map preparation for canal, road and drain and preparation of land acquisition schedule.

• Photo enlargement of base maps at the scale of 1:5000 to the scale of 1:2500.
• Plotting of main canal alignment, channels, roads, limits of the acquisition and way leave on the base maps.
• Preparation of land acquisition and way leave schedules.

Tender Document Reproduction: Supervision of tender document reproduction work including proof reading.

MULTI got in depth of experience of command area development and rehabilitation of existing canal and structures. Undulating topography, rehabilitation of existing structure and back water effect from main drain were difficult part of design work.

MULTI provided services to the Canadian International Water and Energy Consultant in data gathering exercise as the first stage in the long-term undertaking to be dealt later on by the proposed planning unit of DIHM. The job included;

• Reviewed existing data base and formulated framework for the new data base network.
• Updating the Project information base.
• Interview with personnel associated with the irrigation projects and related works.

Khutiya Irrigation Project Phase-I was started in 1978 and is located about 10 km north of Dhangadhi in Kailali District. The project consists of 2 km main canal extension, construction of a permanent river intake, conveyance canal, desalting basin, rehabilitation of existing canal and structures and detailed design of irrigation network for the development of 1500 ha command area to 20 ha blocks. MULTI provided the consulting services in association with the Binnie & Partners, U.K and Engineering Consultant, Sri Lanka. The Project is funded by UNCDF and executed by UNDP (OPS). The work included:

• Topographical survey of command area to produce photomosaic map at the scale 1:5000. Strip survey along the main canal alignment, secondary canals and existing canals with establishment of permanent monuments and carrying out level from Indian datum to the Project datum.
• Detailed design of new structures and rehabilitation and modification of existing structures.
• Detailed design of intake structure, conveyance canal, desalting basin, flushing channel, 2.3 km of main canal extension with 8 number of structures for design discharge of 5.6 m3/s and 3.1 m3/s.
• Detailed design of 6 number of secondary canals of total length 14.71 km with 50 number of associated canal structures. Layout of new canals were discussed with the farmers.
• Detailed design for the rehabilitation of 2 number of existing branch canals (5 km length) and 20 number of structures.
• Preparation of bill of quantities, contract drawings and condition of Contact and specification to be included in the tender document

The important aspect of the Project is that the design works were carried out independently by MULTIs Staff with the quality control and design checking undertaken by Binnie. The project is planned for construction shortly.

The objective of the project was to rehabilitate the existing farmer managed irrigation system to irrigate net command area of 504 ha in Chailahi village, Dang district. The work included:

• Preparation of detailed topographical map and detailed survey of existing canal system.
• Hydrological study and detailed design for the command area development of 504 ha to 20 ha blocks which consisted of socio-economic, agriculture, soil and geological study of the command area, computation of crop water requirements and proposal of new cropping patterns in close discussion with farmers, water conveyance channel (17 km), low cost gabion river diversion weir, head regulator, cross regulators and other related canal structures. The new canal layout, operation and maintenance and water management were to discussed with the beneficiaries farmer.
• Preparation of bill of quantities, and financial and economic analysis of the project.

The Project comprises of the survey and design of flood control and river training structures at nine sites around the rivers along the East-West Highway. The project was financed by the World Bank. The assignment involved:

• Review all the sites and define the extent of works required, prepare tentative budget estimates, and to priorities the work according to severity of problems.
• Compile and analyze all necessary hydrological and meteorological data on each site.
• Prepare topographical maps for the area to be covered for the analysis and design of the river training structures.
• Conduct investigation of foundation soil condition.
• Prepare detailed design of various structures, quantity and cost estimates.
• Prepare tender documents including the specification and contract drawings. Supervise the Construction under ICD Contract.